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I am often confused by the exact init system being used on a Ubuntu system since there are 3 of them: sysvinit, upstart and systemd. And it's not rare to see packages including multiple scripts for different init systems. I'm wondering how these init systems coexist in Ubuntu right now. Since newer versions of Ubuntu have shifted from upstart to systemd, I'm interested in when we can completely forget upstart. I'm currently using 14.04 LTS. Should I upgrade to 16.04 LTS if I want to stick with systemd?

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    one is always the boss - and it incorporates the other services. systemd/upstart call scripts that check for sysV. systemd is the standard in 16.04, only userspace has some upstart-scripts left.
    – d1bro
    Commented Nov 28, 2016 at 12:31

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Only one init system can be the primary on a given system. On 14.04 it's Upstart. On 16.04 and beyond it's systemd.

If you upgrade to 16.04 you can use systemd exclusively.

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  • I'm on 23 there is still /etc/init.d Commented Jul 18, 2023 at 17:10

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