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59

I've just upgraded to Windows 10 from Windows 8.1 on my partitioned laptop that has Ubuntu 14.04 installed. Grub no longer appeared on boot so I ran boot-repair from an Ubuntu liveUSB. This didn't seem to have any effect. I've checked and secure boot is still disabled.
Log from boot-repair: http://paste.ubuntu.com/11972534/
So what's next?

Update: I've attempted to use chroot to update grub from my Ubuntu partition. update-grub runs successfully finding both linux and windows boot manager but the process still doesn't have any effect. grub-install complains that it cannot find EFI directory (but I have mounted everything correctly).

Update2: Just discovered that running efibootmgr after chroot into ubuntu shows ubuntu as not being in the boot order at all. I manually changed the order and rebooted to discover that the bootorder was reset. I run in windows: bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi But this has no effect either even after reporting 'Operation Successful'.

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Next would be to file a bug report. – Rinzwind Jul 31 '15 at 11:28
    
@Rinzwind I've just sent the log to boot.repair@gmail.com explaining my situation. – Nicholas Verstegen Jul 31 '15 at 11:54
    
If you have updated grub's files in ESP have you gone into ACERs UEFI and enabled trust on those files. You need system password set to do that. askubuntu.com/questions/597213/… – oldfred Aug 9 '15 at 17:20
    
Keep two separate ESPs for both, otherwise Windows will erase GRUB on each BOOTMGR update. – Erkin Alp Güney Aug 16 '15 at 18:19
    
This brief note (linuxbsdos.com/2015/07/29/…) points out that if your ESP is in the UEFI partition, upgrading shouldn't break anything. – Carles Araguz Aug 27 '15 at 11:49

12 Answers 12

up vote 82 down vote accepted

I just had to run this in Windows as an administrator:

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi

Grub appears fine on boot and I can boot into Ubuntu and Windows 10 fine.

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1  
@bheeshmar: that is worthy of an answer all by itself! ;-) – Fabby Aug 16 '15 at 17:42
    
This did not work for me, don't know why. Fresh Windows 10 installed upon Ubuntu 14.04, both x64 (I think). Guess I'll have to take the long route then. – Krøllebølle Jun 29 '16 at 15:48
2  
This worked for me, thanks a lot. May i know what that command actually did please? – Jehoshuah Sep 16 '16 at 6:51
2  
FYI: doesn't work in windows powershell, need to run cmd as administrator for it to work – William Saunders May 3 '17 at 1:26
3  
Note: to find the path for the last argument to that command, you can use bcdedit /enum firmware. This helps if you're using another linux distribution and your search engine landed you here :-) – David Faure May 22 '17 at 22:34
up vote 12 down vote

The only solution that worked for me is described on that link I've brought it again here just because it's easier to find this thread on google.

Essentially the steps are:

  1. Using Ubuntu Live to boot in 'Try Ubuntu' mode.
  2. Use GParted to verify the correct linux partition (e.g. /dev/sda2).

  3. Mount the linux partition:

    sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt  #Replace sda2 with your partition number

  4. Mount all other linux system folders :

    for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i"; done

    If you are running an UEFI system, you will also have to mount your EFI directory using the following command:

    sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi

  5. chroot into your install

    sudo chroot /mnt

  6. Now that you are logged in your installation (not the Ubuntu Live) just do 

    update-grub
grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub
exit
sudo reboot

And that's it ! Credits go do Scott Severance on the link I've mentioned above.

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1  
Partly worked for me.. now it boots straight into linux without showing boot menu – PowerAktar Jul 16 '16 at 19:37
    
@PowerAktar have you tried pressing "ESC" to show the grub menu? – InitializeSahib Aug 9 '16 at 0:42
    
The answer helped me. Basically, I booted my PC with 'Try Ubuntu' mode and installed boot-repair to fix the grub. The Linux partition was recovered. But I LOST the windows partition after the fix. So I tried to go through from the step 4 to 6. Those steps helped me to recover the windows 10 partition. Thank you Nir – r0ng Nov 11 '16 at 3:46
1  
This answer is almost the same as this one in the linked question except for the worse formatting and grammar. If your answer is essentially a copy of another question, it would be better to flag this question as a duplicate of the other once you earned 15 reputation. Don't forget to vote for the answer(s) there that you found useful! – David Foerster Nov 22 '16 at 12:31
up vote 4 down vote

same problem here, upgrading from windows7 to 10 in a dual boot pc... I resolved in this way:

  1. Upgrade Windows
  2. During installation process, after the first reboot, i get the grub rescue prompt, fixed this with BootRepair in a USB stick
  3. Completed the Windows installation, GRUB has gone and with a live cd of gparted i noticed that all partitions was still there but all of them were NTFS
  4. Used TestDisk from windows recovered my Linux partition
  5. BootRepair again and everything seems ok (i've Windows voice in GRUB menu duplicated.. i don't know why, but everything seems ok to me now!)

I hope it can be useful to someone!

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More of a step by step by step would be helpful – Veridian Aug 11 '15 at 20:36
    
This solution worked for me too.. and saved my day :) PS. This step by step may help: cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step – The Good Giant Nov 6 '15 at 17:58
1  
How did TestDisk recover your Linux partitions? Did you just use it to change the partition type? – Greg Bell Apr 30 '16 at 2:27
    
Are you saying the Windows setup converts ext4 partitions to NFTS? What happened to things like file permissions and symlinks, which cannot be expressed 100% the same on NTFS? I would expect a partial loss of file information. – bluenote10 Jul 25 '16 at 17:49
up vote 4 down vote

My wife's machine is older (non-UEFI) and had Ubuntu installed on a logical extended partition. Upgrading to Windows 10 first killed grub so reboots resulted in the "grub rescue" prompt, which I restored with BootRepair from LiveUSB, but my Linux partition was missing! I restored this with parted rescue from LiveUSB, which found and recovered the partition. From there, I mounted the partition from LiveUSB and did a grub-install and was able to boot back into the recovered Ubuntu and Win10. Hope this helps others.

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3  
NOTE: All users with Windows 7 in BIOS boot on MBR(msdos) partitioned drives and Ubuntu in a logical partition will likely have this issue. Best to separately backup partition table first. Then if you have not changed partition table you can restore it directly. askubuntu.com/questions/654386/… Windows has always "forgotten" to include the Linux partition when it rewrites partition table. – oldfred Aug 18 '15 at 15:02
    
I wish I had read this before pressing the Update to Windows 10 button on my wife's machine! :) – bheeshmar Aug 19 '15 at 17:46
2  
Can you please provide a link to "BootRepair" and "parted rescue" and/or "LiveUSB"? There are lots of these things around and people might be interested in using the exact ones you did (I couldn't find them definitively on Google). – Greg Bell Feb 2 '16 at 8:45
    
Edited, thanks for the suggestion @GregBell – bheeshmar Feb 3 '16 at 14:47
    
@oldfred Windows rewrites the table when doing the upgrade? That's scary. – Android Dev Jun 29 '16 at 11:55
up vote 2 down vote

Have you checked the order of your boot sequence? If the Microsoft boot loader is at number 2, move it to the bottom and reboot.

You can check it from within Ubuntu by running sudo efibootmgr -v in terminal.

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up vote 1 down vote

I am not sure that is related but I also ran into a bit of an issue trying to upgrade to windows 10 from a windows 8.1/debian dual boot.

Basically, at some point in the upgrade, I ended up with grub going into rescue mode because my debian partition had been wiped in the process and hence the boot files with it (I generally have a separate boot partition but not this time ...). From a look at this link: Windows 10 upgrade led to grub rescue

I think the problem is that windows did not write the partition table correctly during the upgrade process.

Anyhow, I fixed the problem by booting on a Win8.1 install external hdd and followed those instructions: https://neosmart.net/wiki/fix-mbr/ (scroll down to win8/8.1). That wiped grub and reinstalled mSoft's boot loader. I then managed to finish the upgrade and reinstalled debian all together since at the time I had not realised it was simply a problem with the partition table not being written correctly. Yet a better solution would be to try and recover your partition table (using testdisk?) and then reinstall/update grub.

Hope that helps.

PS: Thank you microsoft for not giving a damn about people who have a dual boot configuration ...

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I too suffered a wiped partition with the upgrade. – Lewis Goddard Aug 2 '15 at 11:10
    
What I do not understand is how come only my root linux partition got wiped when I had 2 other logical partitions for /opt and linux-swap that were left untouched. Surely if windows really had trouble writing logical partitions in the table those should have suffered too ... – Jérémy Riviere Aug 2 '15 at 16:55
1  
Have not seen issues with UEFI/gpt systems not writing partition table correctly. But any Windows 7 or 8 with BIOS/MBR and Linux in logical partitions seems to have the issue. askubuntu.com/questions/654386/… All others with issue of missing partition only had one LInux partition as logical. But now it does seem very strange that Windows only "forgets" to write / (root) partition. And have seen it for years even with Windows 7 reinstalls. – oldfred Aug 9 '15 at 17:22
1  
@oldfred It happens if the logical partitions are not numbered in order, i.e. sda6 is before sda5 inside the extended partition, and not just if they are Linux partitions (deleted Linux swap and NTFS in my case). The Windows 10 upgrade sometimes creates a new partition for a recovery environment if it doesn't fit in its boot partition. – Martin Thornton Aug 18 '15 at 11:14
up vote 1 down vote

My fix was close to @Francesco but a bit different.

  1. Upgrade Windows from 7 - 10.
  2. During installation process, after the first reboot, i get the grub rescue prompt, fixed this with BootRepair in a USB stick.
  3. Grub now appears, but is only showing Ubuntu partition, not Windows.
  4. Log into Ubuntu, go to terminal and type update-grub
  5. Now Windows shows back up in grub menu, continue with Windows 10 upgrade.
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In my case, my system boots into windows after BootRepair. – tbear Nov 12 '15 at 12:35
1  
Further, all linux partitions were gone just like Francesco. You were lucky. – tbear Nov 12 '15 at 12:42
    
@tbear so how did you recover? – Greg Bell Apr 30 '16 at 2:28
up vote 1 down vote

If you have a Win10 installation media you may use this to install a new fresh MBR. Just boot intil you see "Install now" (or similar) but do not click on it. There is a small link saying "repair tools" (or something). From this you may enter command prompt.

cd c:\windows\system32
bootrec /fixmbr

maybe even

bootrec /fixboot

This should fix the issue. But, Your Linux is longe gone due to Microsofts ignorance to peoples own choices. They have just decided that it is okay for them to delete whatever is available on your HDD and which they do not like. Therefor we may legally decide that MS is a bunch of dorks...

Win10 installation media creator tool is freely available from https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10

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up vote 0 down vote

8/8/15 I upgraded from Windows 7 to Windows 10, and after Windows10 installed I made Firefox my default browser and shut down my PC, waited 15 seconds and powered up the PC and didn't even expect that it would give me an option to still choose Ubuntu within 5 seconds.I clicked Ubuntu and it seemed to hang in limbo with a grey screen for what seemed an eternity , but I didn't do anything except tapped the enter button on the keyboard to attempt get something to happen and waited , then finally the familiar black screen to choose Ubuntu or advanced options appeared. It booted up in Ubuntu fine. After I shut off and powered up in windows 10, the time and date in Windows showed 5 hours fast, just like windows 7 did after using Ubuntu, LOL. Next time I chose Ubuntu to boot the boot up wait was a lot shorter.

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up vote 0 down vote

I used the rescuetux/supergrubdisk. Booted it from DriveDroid on my android tablet. Then used auto detect rescuetux. Went into the WINDOWS button, hit the betaWindowsMBR repair button. And selected /dev/sda2 ok ok ok. Then it said successful. Now i just booted back into windows uefi menu.

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up vote 0 down vote

For me the process was quite complicated. I use boot repair form the usb stick, and after I remove the usb stick and restart the computer only ubuntu login option came. I log into Ubuntu which was installed in my computer hard disk and then use boot repair again. After that when I restart my computer now I have the options to login into both Unbunt and winsows 10 and it's working just fine.

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up vote -2 down vote

After upgrading to Windows 10 on Acer Aspire-AXC-605, I could not boot into ubuntu and F2 key would not bring up bios screen so could not boot from USB ubuntu live.

I had to use Esc key while booting this brought up a "Diagnose PC" screen and I could boot USB from there.

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This doesn't really answer the question. – TheWanderer Oct 28 '15 at 23:17
    
@Zacharee1 the proposed solution by the user is "Hit escape, to get to teh Diagnose PC screen, which gives a USB boot option". It's not a good answer but it's an attempt to answer. – Thomas Ward♦ Oct 28 '15 at 23:17
    
@ThomasW. OK. I don't really see it though. – TheWanderer Oct 28 '15 at 23:18
    
@Zacharee1 see my edits - it splits it up a little, but the point is that while it's an answer it's not a real good one, and it doesn't really provide a great answer – Thomas Ward♦ Oct 28 '15 at 23:20

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