How to carry audio over SSH?

Question

Is there a way to carry audio over ssh?

Say after connecting to remote machine through ssh -X I opened a browser and want to watch a youtube video. Currently I could only able to watch the video without any audio. But I want to hear the audio too. How to do that?

Answer 1

How to carry audio over SSH?

Stolen answer from grawity in SuperUsers:

The easy way: Run paprefs, go to Network Server and check Enable network access to local sound devices.

You need to install it using

sudo apt-get install paprefs

Whenever you SSH with X11 forwarding enabled, PulseAudio programs use X11 to discover your sound server (use pax11publish or

xprop -root PULSE_SERVER

to see for yourself). Just tell PulseAudio to listen for network connections (paprefs as described above), and all X11 programs will be able to use it.

(Other users will not have access to your sound server, unless you allow it yourself in paprefs. The authentication data is carried over in the X11 PULSE_COOKIE property, or you can copy ~/.pulse_cookie manually.)

Note however, that the PulseAudio stream is not encrypted this way, so it is okay for use at home, but not over the Internet.

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The slightly more complicated way: Enable network access as above, but tunnel PulseAudio over SSH TCP forwarding. Use pax11publish to discover your PulseAudio port (usually 4713), connect with

ssh -R > 24713:localhost:4713`

then run

export PULSE_SERVER="tcp:localhost:24713"

This will be slightly slower due to SSH overhead, but is safe to use over the Internet.