You can install any kernel you want. There is no problem on using one or multiple Kernels at a time. Updating to a new Kernel keeps you up-to-date with Security Patches, Stability Improvements, Updated Drivers, and New Kernel Functions.
The link you mentioned is talking about to install a latest kernel. But you can see that Kernel 3.10.17 is not the latest one. You can find that Kernel 3.11.6 is the latest stable release now.
As you can find that in every 2 weeks a new kernel is released. So it doesn't mean that you've to update kernels after every two weeks. :) What I suggest you to stick with the kernels which is running without any problem.
I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS with Kernel 3.11 without any problem. But sometime you should consider the Kernel Mapping to your Ubuntu Version. For example following link lists out the mapping of different kernel to different version of OS (go to precise section):
Ubuntu to Mainline kernel version mapping
The link you provided is a nice tutorial, you can also also get a complete information of Kernel installing/removing from following link.
Kernel Mainline Builds
Following link illustrates how Ubuntu 12.04 LTS works actually. It illustates in very nice way, you would also like:
Ubuntu LTS Enablement Stack