A variation of this answer worked.
First, the intro steps: double-click the VBox_* CD icon on the desktop to mount the guest additions. Then open a terminal, ctrl+alt+t
and go to the directory where the virtual CD was mounted: cd /media/your_user_name/VBox_
and press tab
to complete the path name.
Then run the linux version: sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Next, to get it working:
Specifically,
this fixes it for lubuntu 16.04:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-x11 xorg-video-abi-20 xserver-xorg-core
if it asks you about keeping a file or installing the new one, press i to select the new one/package maintainer's version;
sudo VBoxClient --clipboard
this fixes it for lubuntu/xubuntu 18.04 - 20.04 and derived variants:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-x11
if it asks you about keeping a file or installing the new one, press i to select the new one/package maintainer's version;
sudo VBoxClient --clipboard
Note, as raghavan said, that installing virtualbox-guest-x11 package as shown, also resolves the issue where the shared folders are not visible.
And installing this package (and rebooting the virtual machine) also resolves the guest window not autoresizing when the vm window is resized.
This also resolves the issue where paste after reboot no longer works and sudo VBoxClient --clipboard command needs to be repeated. After installing virtualbox-guest-x11, the --clipboard command does not need to be repeated after each reboot.