Like any security patch, it has been patched in all supported versions of Ubuntu. It's pushed through both the security
and updates
repos for desktop installations. You just need to update in your normal way. If you have automatic updates turned on, this should install automatically.
Like Kernel updates, libc
updates usually require a reboot to fully take. However, weigh up how much risk you're actually at. To trigger this bug, an attacker essentially needs local network access —ie on your router or between you and your router— so while this has been talked up a lot, the risk of actual damage is still quite low for most people on their home networks. If you roam around on other networks, you're immediately in a higher risk bracket.
I don't know how Ubuntu Touch factors into standard update procedures.
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-2900-1/
The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following package version:
Ubuntu 15.10:
libc6 2.21-0ubuntu4.1
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS:
libc6 2.19-0ubuntu6.7
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS:
libc6 2.15-0ubuntu10.13
16.04 (in development) will likely have a separate update come through the standard channel. Older, unsupported releases will remain vulnerable unless you patch them yourself.