It must be a software problem (potentially with the kernel). Since I have tried to run a live USB OS on the same machine, and it plays sounds well.
Second, it can detect the build-in soundcard.
$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC3220 Analog [ALC3220 Analog]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
and it can be found by the lspci
$ lspci | grep -i audio
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation C610/X99 series chipset HD Audio Controller (rev 05)
03:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0fbc (rev a1)
$ lspci -vv -s 00:1b.0
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation C610/X99 series chipset HD Audio Controller (rev 05)
Subsystem: Dell C610/X99 series chipset HD Audio Controller
Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
Latency: 0
Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 32
Region 0: Memory at f7130000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
I also checked the pavucontrol and it outputs pavucontrol and the sound control sound
I tried to reinstall the alsa, pulseaudio, the kernel and even update to another kernel, still without any luck.