Actually, I would like to make my Ubuntu remember the level of
brightness that was used last. How exactly can I do that? Here's some
information:
Introduction
The script below addresses OP's need to store and restore screen brightness that was used last. It works in conjunction with the lightdm greeter and is activated by lightdm. There's no requirement to use lightdm, so if you prefer to use a cron job, you can do so.
Basic idea:
- Have the script stored somewhere (either by getting it here or through github)
- Create
/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf using the sudo privilege.
- Make sure that file has 3 lines:
[SeatDefaults] , display-setup-script, and display-stopped script. Look below for details. Script header also gives overview.
Script Source
#!/usr/bin/env bash
#
###########################################################
# Author: Serg Kolo , contact: [email protected]
# Date: March 7th, 2016
# Purpose: Script that will remember screen brightness
# Must be used in conjunction with lightdm
# Place the following 5 lines into /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
#
# [SeatDefaults]
# #display-setup-script = Script to run when starting a greeter session (runs as root)
# display-setup-script = /home/USER/bin/sergrep/brightness.sh restore
# #display-stopped-script = Script to run after stopping the display server (runs as root)
# display-stopped-script = /home/USER/bin/sergrep/brightness.sh store
#
# Basic idea is that you must give full path and either store or restore as an option
# Written for: http://askubuntu.com/q/739654/295286
# Tested on: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
# Version: 1.2 , added brightness limit, file creation
###########################################################
# Copyright: Serg Kolo , 2016
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is hereby granted
# without fee, provided that the copyright notice above and this permission statement
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
# THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
# DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
ARGV0=$0
ARGC=$#
store()
{
cat "$SYSDIR"/*/actual_brightness > "$1"
}
#----------
# This function restores brightness. We avoid
# setting brightness to complete 0, hence
# minimum is 10% that can be restored.
restore()
{
MAX=$(cat "$SYSDIR"/*/max_brightness )
LIMIT=$((MAX/10)) # get approx 10 percent value
VAL=$(cat "$1" )
if [ "$VAL" -lt "$LIMIT" ] ;
then
# avoid going bellow 10% of brightness
# we don't want user's screen to be completely dark
echo "$LIMIT" > "$SYSDIR"/*/brightness
else
echo "$VAL" > "$SYSDIR"/*/brightness
fi
}
#------------
# This function works for initial run of the script; the script cannot set
# brightness unless datafile exists first, so here we create the file
# Initial value there will be whatever the current brightness on first
# reboot was
create_datafile()
{
cat "$SYSDIR"/*/actual_brightness > "$1"
}
puke(){
printf "%s\n" "$@" > /dev/stderr
exit 1
}
main()
{
local DATAFILE="/opt/.last_brightness"
local SYSDIR="/sys/class/backlight" # sysfs location of all the data
# Check pre-conditions for running the script
if [ "$ARGC" -ne 1 ];then
puke "Script requires 1 argument"
fi
if [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ] ; then
puke "Script has to run as root"
fi
# ensure datafile exists
[ -f "$DATAFILE" ] || create_datafile "$DATAFILE"
# perform storing or restoring function
case "$1" in
'restore') restore $DATAFILE ;;
'store') store $DATAFILE ;;
*) puke "Unknown argument";;
esac
}
main "$@"
Getting and Setting up the Script
You can either copy the script directly or follow these steps from the command line ( to open command line , press CtrlAltT )
sudo apt-get install git
cd /opt
sudo git clone https://github.com/SergKolo/sergrep.git
The script will be located in /opt/sergrep/brightness.sh, so we do a:
sudo chmod +x /opt/sergrep/brightness.sh
to make it executable. Next, we need to set it up to work with lightdm. Create the /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf file , either by opening it with command line nano text editor (the command is sudo nano /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf ) or graphical gedit ( pkexec gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf )
Write to that file the following lines:
[SeatDefaults]
#display-setup-script = Script to run when starting a greeter session (runs as root)
display-setup-script = /opt/sergrep/brightness.sh restore
#display-stopped-script = Script to run after stopping the display server (runs as root)
display-stopped-script = /opt/sergrep/brightness.sh store
Save and exit
Indepth Overview
You've already discovered that you can write to /sys/class/backlight/*/brightness file directly , and you can also read in those values as well. Problem is that /sys is a virtual filesystem, so once you reboot, all the files in that filesystem disappear.
So you could store value in /sys/class/backlight/*/actual_brightness into a permanent file on every reboot. The question is how - via cron job, via lightdm, or via other means. Personally, I chose the lightdm route.
Basically we take advantage of lightdm's feature - being able to run a script before the greeter starts and after the session exits. The brightness is recorded to /opt/.last_brightness file and read from each time the script starts. We're essentially performing two actions with the same script, just by passing different arguments.
