I need to know the extensions of xzf
and its usage. Is it necessarily to be used in installing a software?
sudo tar -xzf utorrent-server-3.0-ubuntu-10.10-27079.tar.gz
Why this is used?
tar
is basically The GNU version of the tar archiving utility
for more information on tar go to the terminal and type man tar
.
You will find out what exactly xzf
is used for. Basically they flags (options) when you run a tar command.
[-]x --extract --get:
-z --gzip:
-f --file F:
The order of this command does matter though.
Basically your command
sudo tar -xzf utorrent-server-3.0-ubuntu-10.10-27079.tar.gz
will extract the tar.gz
archive that you specify as (utorrent-server-3.0-ubuntu-10.10-27079.tar.gz) as root privileges.
f
has to be the last one. If you type, for example, tar -xfz
then it will try to look for a file called z
. Essentially the f
means "The next thing I type will be a filename".
tar
is the Swiss army knife of extracting archives. It can handle many different archives, such as tar.gz
, tar.xz
, tar.bz
, tar.bz2
, tar.lz
...
Your command contains the following three options:
-x
= extract-z
= gzipped archive-f
= get from a file, not a tape drive To find more help on tar, enter tar --help
or man tar
in your terminal.
So your command extracts the archive utorrent-server-3.0-ubuntu-10.10-27079.tar.gz to a directory. It does not install the utorrent server, unlike dpkg -i
or sudo apt-get install
.
tar
archives for programs typically contain Linux binaries, which you can run with './ binary-name'.
tar
the “Swiss army knife of extracting archives” since it can only deal with one type of archive format: tar – though various variants thereof. The (de-)compression options are certainly nice but don't change anything about the archive format. Other tools like p7zip
(and it's front-ends like File-Roller, Ubuntu's default archive manager) support a far wider range of archives though with less options as their respective specialized tool (e. g. tar
, zip
, rar
etc.). Additionally, p7zip
is the specialized tool for 7-Zip archives.
Jul 10, 2016 at 12:09
The other answers provided are quite good, but I would like to give an example and explain more of why it is used for installations.
First of all, like the others have explained. tar -xzf is just a method for extracting. In installation instructions they will usually tell you the options to use since different options will be required for different archive types.
EXAMPLE USAGE-- TAKEN FROM HERE
Extract a gzipped tar archive ( *.tar.gz ) using option xvzf
Use the option z for uncompressing a gzip tar archive.
$ tar xvfz archive_name.tar.gz
Extracting a bzipped tar archive ( *.tar.bz2 ) using option xvjf
Use the option j for uncompressing a bzip2 tar archive.
$ tar xvfj archive_name.tar.bz2
EXAMPLE INSTALLATION - GOOGLE DROPBOX
Now as for why this is used in Ubuntu installations, consider the Google DropBox installation process found here.
It says to install, do the following:
64-bit:
cd ~ && wget -O - "https://www.dropbox.com/download?plat=lnx.x86_64" | tar xzf -
Next, run the Dropbox daemon from the newly created .dropbox-dist folder.
~/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd
What these instructions are telling you is:
Navigate to user home directory ~
Download the tar file
Unzip it in the home directory. This will create the folder .dropbox-dist
because of how the zip was made.
Run the program in the newly unzipped folder.
UBUNTU INSTALLATIONS
See Ubuntu doesn't work like Windows. In Windows you need to run executable installation programs to configure the registry, the directories, file associations, etc. etc. Ubuntu is very component-ized--that is to say that it is exceptionally rare that any system configuration files need to be changed for an application to be installed. For the most part all that needs to happen is that a few files need to be put in special folders like /var/
, /usr/share/applications/
, /etc/
, and /bin/
, (possibly others) which can be done by a batch installation file (like the dropboxd file) with adequate (sudo) privileges. Though this is not necessarily the case-- some programs are completely self contained and don't need to have their files put in special directories. As such, upon untarring/unzipping the files, the installation may already be complete.
It's very different than a Windows installation where system tries to manage everything with a registry-- the important thing is that files are present in specific directories and the system will search those directories as it needs them. If it finds them, good they are installed, and if it doesn't, well it's probably not installed and the system will not even notice (this only goes for non-essential system components). This is why, some programs can be installed without running a batch file or anything.
-xzf
are arguments to the tar
command. You can check their meaning in the man pages with:
man tar
The paramaeters you asked for are:
-x, --extract, --get
extract files from an archive
-f, --file ARCHIVE
use archive file or device ARCHIVE
-z, --gzip, --gunzip --ungzip
Your file utorrent-server-3.0-ubuntu-10.10-27079.tar.gz is just an archive and that command extracts the content.