What are Unity's keyboard and mouse shortcuts?

Question

In Unity, are there any pre-defined shortcuts, e.g. to open the dash or unhide the launcher?

Answer 1

This page will document the keyboard shortcuts and mouse tricks for Unity. Please feel free to add more!

Read this first to get familiar with the UI elements of Unity and to find the right keys on your keyboard:

1. Unity Terminology
2. What are the meta, super, and hyper keys?
   
   

Keyboard Shortcuts

Holding down the Super key will get you a keyboard overlay that documents most of these (12.04 only).

Launcher

• Hold Super - Invoke the Launcher (Pre-12.04).

• Hold Super, then press 1 or 2 or 3 and so on until 0 to open or focus an application. The number corresponds to the location of the icon on the launcher from top to bottom.

  • Adding Shift will open a new instance of the application if it's already open.
  • Holding the key is also useful when you want to get to the Launcher but do not want to invoke the Dash.
• Super-T - Open the rubbish bin/trash can.
• Alt-F1 - Put keyboard focus on the Launcher, use arrow keys to navigate, Enter launches an application, Right arrow exposes the quicklists if an application has them.
• Ctrl-Alt-T - Launch a terminal window.

Dash

• Tap Alt - Opens the HUD
• Hold Alt - Reveals application menu

• Tap Super - Opens the Dash. The open signal is sent when you let go of the key, not when you push it down, so if it feels slow just let go of the key earlier.

  Ubuntu 11.10

  • Tab Move to the next lens (When the dash is open)
  • Shift-Tab Move to the previous lens (when the dash is open)

  Ubuntu 12.04

  • Ctrl-Tab Move to the next lens (When the dash is open)
  • Ctrl-Shift-Tab Move to the previous lens (when the dash is open)

• Alt-F2 - Invoke the Dash in a "special mode" to run a command. Typing in a Folder Name will find that folder in Nautilus, you can also use ~ as a shortcut in the field.

• The Dash opens with focus on the search box to find applications and files. Using the arrow keys will navigate the results, use Enter to launch. Hitting Enter twice in rapid succession after a search term will automatically launch the first match in a search, even if it's still ongoing. (Basically a dash version of "I'm feeling lucky").
• Super-A - Open Applications lens
• Super-F - Open Files & Folders lens
• Super-M (11.10+ only) - Open the music lens
• Super-V (12.04 only) - Open the video lens

Panel

• F10 (11.10 and earlier) / Alt-F10 (12.04) - Open the first menu on the panel, use the arrows keys to "scrub" across the menus. (There is no shortcut for the session menu, so hitting F10 and left arrow is a quick way to get there)
• Press Esc to close the menus without choosing anything.

Window Management

• Ctrl-Super-D - Show desktop; hitting it again restores the windows.d
• Super-W - (11.10 and earlier) Spread mode, zoom out on all windows in all workspaces, in 12.04 it zooms out on the windows in the current workspace.
• Super-D (11.10 and earlier) - Minimize all windows; hitting it again restores them.
• Alt-Space - Opens the window's accessibility menu.
• Alt-Tab - Switch to other applications, you can hold Alt down and then hit tab to switch to the next application.
• Alt-` - (11.10+ only) - Switch between an application's windows. Hitting this combo when you're already focused on an application will automatically switch only between the windows for that application. The ` key on US layouts, but Unity will use whichever key is above your Tab key. (More info) (Video)
• Ctrl-Super-↑ (12.04 only) - Maximize the current window (seems to be buggy at the moment)
• Ctrl-Super-↓ (12.04 only) - Restore/Minimize the current window (seems to be buggy at the moment)
• Ctrl-Super-← (12.04 only) - Maximize current window to the left
• Ctrl-Super-→ (12.04 only) - Maximize current window to the right

Window Placement

If you cycle through the same key Unity will cycle through different placement widths, so experiment by hitting the numkey multiple times, for example Ctrl-Alt-numpad 5 5 5:

• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 7 - Place window in top left corner of screen.
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 8 - Place window in top half of screen.
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 9 - Place window in top right corner of screen.
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 5 - Center/Maximize the window in the middle of the screen. In 12.04 this toggles between maximize and restore state
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 1 - Place window in the bottom left corner of the screen.
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 2 - Place window in the bottom half of the screen.
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 3 - Place window in the bottom right corner of the screen.
• Ctrl-Alt-Numpad 0 - Maximize the current window.

Workspace Management

• Super-S - Expo mode (for everything), zooms out on all the workspaces and lets you manage windows.
• Shift-Alt-↑ - Expo mode for all windows in the current workspace only.
• Ctrl-Alt-← / → / ↑ / ↓ - (11.10+) - Change to a new workspace.
• Ctrl-Alt-Shift-← / → / ↑ / ↓ - Place window to a new workspace.
• Ctrl-Alt-L - Lock the screen.

Screenshots

• PrtScn - Take a screenshot of the current workspace
• Alt-PrtScn - Take a screenshot of the current window

System

• Ctrl-Alt-Del - Logout

Mouse Tricks

Launcher

• Clicking and holding an icon and then dragging it around will allow you to reorder it on the launcher. You can also drag it off to the right of the launcher to move it around. Note that you need to make an explicit movement to the right to move the icon off the launcher before you can move it around.
• Dragging and Dropping an icon into the trash can will remove it from the Launcher. The program itself will remain installed and accessible through the dash.
• Scrolling the mouse wheel while over the Launcher scrolls the icons if you have too many and need to move around quickly.

Window Management

• Maximizing - Dragging a window to the top panel, or double-clicking a window's titlebar, or Alt-F10 (11.10 and earlier), will maximize it.
• Restore - There are two ways to restore, or unmaximize, the topmost maximized window of the current monitor for this workspace (not using the window controls)
  • Double clicking on the top panel (but not in the application's menu)
  • Dragging the top panel down.
• Middle click on Maximize - Maximize Window Vertically.
• Right click on Maximize - Maximize Window Horizontally
• Focus the topmost maximized window of the current monitor for this workspace: Left click on the top panel (but not in the application's menu)
• Tiling - Dragging a Window to the left/right border will auto tile it to that side of the screen.
• Middle click on an application's launcher icon - Open a new instance of the application in a new window. If the application isn't running it will just open it normally.
• Middle click on the top panel or window title bar (but not the menu) - send the current window behind all other windows.

Answer 2

I've made a Unity tricks overlay for the 11.04 default wallpaper.

_{Click on the image for a full screen version.}

If you find a mistake just tell me. Here is the SVG source version.

Enjoy!

Answer 3

There is a feature in development for 12.04 so that when you long-press the Super key, a detailed overlay of possible shortcuts will appear.

Answer 4

I have found a very good wallpaper, which shows the unity shortcuts: German explanations:

_{(Click on the image for the full size version)}

As per demand an English version of that wallpaper.

_{(Click on the image for the full size version)}

Spanisch version from jagarciavi

_{(Click on the image for the full size version)}

Answer 5

I made a printable version of the shortcuts and mouse tricks. You can grab the ODT here or the PDF here.

Answer 6

Here's an Spanish version of the first wallpaper:

_{Click on the image for a full screen version.}

If you find a mistake please inform me!

Answer 7

• Alt + F7 with Arrow keys to move current window on screen. Use Arrow keys to change its position fast, and use Arrow keys(on number key area when NumLock is off) to change it slowly.
• Alt + F10 to resize current window between normal size and max size.

Answer 8

I translate into Spanish the printable version of the shortcuts and mouse tricks. You can grab the ODT here or the PDF here. Please inform me if the links are broken or the translation is bad.

Answer 9

After upgrading from 10.10 I experienced that many of the shortcuts didn't work. At last I found out that previous settings in CompizConfig Settings Manager was the problem. After resetting to defaults everything works perfectly. Just a hint to others with the same problem. Couldn't find anything about this myself.

Answer 10

Otra version en español

Hi, I made another version of this in Spanish mixing those images. Click for a fullsize image: