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I want to find a list of all packages with the Priority: field set to Required. These are packages that are normally installed on every system, however I've recently discovered that they aren't necessarily installed for foreign architectures using multiarch. What's the best way to find these packages?

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With aptitude you can do that type of search.

aptitude search '?priority(required)'

Note that aptitude is no longer installed by default on newer Ubuntu releases, and its man-page is incomplete; you'll find the full documentation as /usr/share/doc/aptitude/README

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If you need to limit your options to software that is in the default install, I think the only option is the following geekery (or something similar to it): mawk '/^Architecture: / { arch = $2; } /^Package: / { package = $2; } /^Priority: required/ { print package " (" arch ")"; }' < /var/lib/dpkg/status – taneli Mar 9 '12 at 16:55

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