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I have installed TexLive2014 under scheme-full using the latest iso file. But terminal still doesn't recognise the 'tex' or 'latex' commands. Do I need to install extra packages outside of the iso file? If so, why are they not included in the iso file?

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You have two possibilities here:

  1. install the version released with your Ubuntu. For example, 14.04 ships with TeXLive 2013 (not 2014). This is the easiest way; just type

    sudo apt-get texlive-full 
    

    and be done.

  2. You can install directly the newest version of TeXLive. Follow for example the instruction in https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/1092/how-to-install-vanilla-texlive-on-debian-or-ubuntu/95373#95373. Be warned that installing software outside the package management can led to some complex situation; in that post you have some hint.

  3. There are instruction also in Upgrade from Tex Live from 2013 to 2014 on Ubuntu 14.04

The option #1 is the recommended one, unless you really need some cutting edge version of the packages (I am for example a quite advanced LaTeX user, and rarely do).

That said, it seems that the only problem you have is that the installation path is not in your PATH. It is explained in "finishing the installation" in the first linked post, or in point #5 of the second one(1). If you find that part too complex, I really advise to follow option #1.


(1) they are different methods/philosophies, but they have the same final effect.

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    I was able to follow the instruction 2 and make the existing 2014 installation work. Thank You. Mar 20, 2015 at 6:03
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You should install it from the official Ubuntu sources.

sudo apt-get install texlive

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