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Downloading from the main Ubuntu archive is slow even when it's not release day, how can I get apt-get to automatically use a mirror that is close to me?

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8 Answers 8

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apt-get now supports a 'mirror' method that will automatically select a good mirror based on your location. Putting:

deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt precise-security main restricted universe multiverse

on the top in your /etc/apt/sources.list file should be all that is needed to make it automatically pick a mirror for you based on your geographical location.

Lucid (10.04), Maverick (10.10), Natty (11.04), And Oneiric (11.10) users can replace precise with the appropriate name.

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  • 7
    Just to clarify, is this instead of the usual lines or aswell as? Mar 22, 2012 at 7:25
  • 14
    That works when you're lucky. I've disabled it on our desktops now because it would often return broken mirrors (the kind that give you 403 occasionally).
    – raphink
    Apr 27, 2012 at 21:22
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    @HamishDowner This is beside the lines. At the top of the file.
    – nanofarad
    Jul 6, 2012 at 23:25
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    Great tip. Just note that after making the change you need to run sudo apt-get update before doing any apt-get install for it to use your closest mirror.
    – Simon East
    Jun 29, 2013 at 17:04
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    This worked for me with the trusty release (server)
    – Marc
    Apr 19, 2016 at 23:07
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I've always gone with the 'select best server' GUI tool: from Ubuntu Software Center, go to Edit -> Software Sources in the menu. (You can also do this from the Preferences for Synaptic or the Update Manager.)

Under the Ubuntu Software tab there's a drop-down next to "Download from:" If you select "Other..." you'll get a button that says "Select Best Server"; clicking on it gets Ubuntu to run some tests to see what mirror will give the best download speed.

I can't comment on whether this is better or worse than the method you found for yourself. Perhaps someone with some expertise on the issue can comment!


Here are some screenshots for the graphical method, as Jorge suggested:

  1. Open the Ubuntu Software Center, click on Edit in the global menu, and go to 'Software Sources...'

  2. Click on the drop-down menu next to 'Download From' and select 'Other...'

  3. Click on Select Best Server

  4. The best server is highlighted. Click Choose Server and you're done!

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    Is there a command line way to do the same?. I get different best servers each day. It will be useful to select the best before using apt-get
    – balki
    Oct 28, 2012 at 16:13
  • Maybe the one mentioned in the post above mine? I usually just "set it and forget it" - updates usually come pretty quickly anyway. Dec 3, 2012 at 2:59
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    Very good answer because it used sted by step explanation. Big plus it included pictures. Sep 15, 2014 at 10:19
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    just tried "best server", it directed me to ftp.utexas.edu, which promptly failed to update in the software center. however using the drop-down list was very helpful to find a good mirror.
    – don bright
    Feb 26, 2015 at 2:05
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The Geographic location does not always give the best mirror. For example, I live in BC Canada, and most who are in this province should find a mirror in BC, California, or any Pacific state, maybe even Arizona.

However, here in the north my ISP (unlike the phone company) has only one fiber line out of this city, and it goes straight to Calgary (1000km east of here) where it plugs a NEX shared with the line to ucalgary, where they have a lovely debian and ubuntu and who-knows-what-else mirror. It seems the university has the same ISP as I, and so transfer rates are measured in megabytes per second, as opposed to the 50-100 kilobytes per second I get from a default mirror.

So. I recommend knowing your local internet network topology. Pretty things such as Network Exchanges can make for a fast connection to specific places. Staying on your ISP's network can bypass some speed throttles you might otherwise have to the outside world.

Thanks to the post regarding the GUI tool to change this, I found that mirror and set it as default. Good show for this topic!

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  • Is it ubuntu-archives.mirror.nexicom.net you are referring to?
    – lrkwz
    Jan 29, 2013 at 10:58
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For a fast upgrade, I've downloaded the alternate CD using torrents. After the upgrade in this way, I still ended up with a system which has still not all updates (probably after the ISO was packed).

After a quick search, I ended up on the list of mirrors on Launchpad. Search for your country and test some. I live in the Netherlands and got only 75kB/s speed, much lower than my usual speed. The ubuntu.mirror.cambrium.nl mirror did not work for me, but ubuntu.mirror.astratoip.net did. Replace the mirror accordingly and run the below commands:

sudo sed '[email protected]@ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net@' -i /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update

Replace archive.ubuntu.com by your current mirror.

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A tip for users of Kubuntu 12.04...

From Muon Software Centre:

  • Settings > Configure Software Sources

Then on the Kubuntu Software tab:

  • Select "Other" from the "Download from:" drop-down list
  • Click "Select Best Server" button - this will ping all servers in the list

This will select the server with the quickest ping (fastest server at the time)

I'm in the UK, but my fastest server is "server for Nepal". - about 10 times faster than what I was getting with the default server for UK!

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My Python script apt-smart that finds mirrors automaticly within your country, benchmarks and ranks them by status and speed, finally changes sources.list if you want to.

The differences between apt-smart and other answer mentioned apt-select are:

  • apt-smart automaticly finds where you are so you don't need to specify the country when you travel abroad.
  • apt-smart does real HTTP download from each mirror to get more accurate results ( bandwidth & status ) and supports HTTP proxy, whereas apt-select only uses ping and relies on launchpad 's inaccurate data.
  • apt-smart is being maintained, whereas apt-select leaves isusues unfix for almost 3 years.

You can easily install apt-smart via pip, for detailed copy'n'paste install commands please see Project Readme.

A usage example that lets you list ranked mirrors within your country:

$ apt-smart -l

With -l, or --list-mirrors, you will get ( example output from Travis CI U.S. server ):

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Rank | Mirror URL                            | Available? | Updating? | Last updated    | Bandwidth   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|    1 | http://mirrors.gigenet.com/ubuntua... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.73 MB/s   |
|    2 | http://mirror.genesisadaptive.com/... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.68 MB/s   |
|    3 | http://ubuntu.mirrors.tds.net/pub/... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.4 MB/s    |
|    4 | http://repos.forethought.net/ubuntu   | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 1.35 MB/s   |
|    5 | http://repo.miserver.it.umich.edu/... | Yes        | No        | Up to date      | 937.62 KB/s |
...
|   75 | http://mirror.cc.vt.edu/pub2/ubuntu   | Yes        | No        | 1 day behind    | 659.67 KB/s |
|   76 | http://mirror.atlantic.net/ubuntu     | Yes        | No        | 2 days behind   | 351.26 KB/s |
|   77 | http://mirror.lstn.net/ubuntu         | Yes        | No        | 4 days behind   | 806.81 KB/s |
|   78 | http://mirrors.usinternet.com/ubun... | Yes        | No        | 4 weeks behind  | 514.31 KB/s |
|   79 | http://mirrors.arpnetworks.com/Ubuntu | Yes        | No        | 19 weeks behind | 418.94 KB/s |
|   80 | http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/ub... | Yes        | Yes       | Up to date      | 446.07 KB/s |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Full URLs which are too long to be shown in above table:
1: http://mirrors.gigenet.com/ubuntuarchive
2: http://mirror.genesisadaptive.com/ubuntu
3: http://ubuntu.mirrors.tds.net/pub/ubuntu
5: http://repo.miserver.it.umich.edu/ubuntu
...
78: http://mirrors.usinternet.com/ubuntu/archive
80: http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/ubuntu

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  • DO NOT copy-paste the same answer to multiple questions. If the questions are similar enough to each other, then you should flag the questions as duplicates of each other and answer only one of them. Otherwise, copy-pasting the same answer everywhere is considered noisy and impolite.
    – Thomas Ward
    Sep 30, 2019 at 15:15
  • good work! my update download speeds on ubuntu are back to normal.
    – dsomnus
    Jan 15, 2020 at 8:57
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Simply adding deb mirror lines to /etc/apt/sources.list will give you duplicate sources. Also, because apt only checks for duplicate lines, there is no error. We need to replace the original contents of the file to prevent this problem

I made a complete list to replace the original sources list file. This includes the main, restricted, universe, multiverse, proposed, and canonical repositories.

Note: the lines for "proposed" are commented out. Also, the Canonical "partner" repository (closed source and proprietary) doesn't work with mirrors so these lines are unchanged.


First, run the following to make a backup and delete your sources list file:

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.listbackup

Next, use your favorite text editor to copy and paste the following lines into /etc/apt/sources.list (if you're not on "bionic", I've included a command to fix that in the next step):

## main, restricted, universe, and multiverse repositories
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

## uncomment to enable "proposed" or pre-release software which may be unstable and could cause problems or breaks 
#deb mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

## Canonical "partner" repository does not work with mirrors
## uncomment to enable the partner repository for proprietary and closed source software
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

After you save the file, run the following command to automatically apply your version of Ubuntu (bionic, eoan, xenial, etc . . .):

sudo sed -i "s/bionic/$(lsb_release -sc)/g" /etc/apt/sources.list

Finally, run the following command to update apt:

sudo apt update
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  • I think it should be noted that this appears to choose a good mirror but not necessarily the fastest mirror.
    – mchid
    Sep 14, 2022 at 21:38
  • This did the trick for me... BUT!... I had to delete the existing mirror (rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nyc2_mirrors_digitalocean_com_mariadb_repo_10_2_ubuntu.list), before I ran sudo apt update. I found that idea here and here
    – Zeth
    Oct 11, 2022 at 13:06
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    @Zeth Yeah, if your repo doesn't have a release file (you get a no release file error), that's a separate issue. AFAIK, my answer shouldn't be related to mariadb mirrors as those are independent of the main ubuntu mirrors. Make sure you still have a mariadb mirror so that you don't miss out on security updates.
    – mchid
    Oct 12, 2022 at 1:00
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Here is a Python script I wrote that returns a list of mirrors with the lowest latency for a specified country.

The script also provides bandwidth and status information taken from the mirrors' launchpad pages and will generate a new sources.list file using a mirror chosen from the list.

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