I want to create something like the image:
Can anyone suggest a simple application to achieve this?
Try Octave.
Octave is a high-level language, primarily intended for numerical computations. It provides a convenient command-line interface for solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically.1
To install, you can download it from source, or by clicking Octave
Gnuplot.
Gnuplot is a portable command-line driven graphing utility for Linux, OS/2, MS Windows, OSX, VMS, and many other platforms. It was originally created to allow scientists and students to visualize mathematical functions and data interactively, but has grown to support many non-interactive uses such as web scripting. It is also used as a plotting engine by third-party applications like Octave. Gnuplot has been supported and under active development since 1986.2
To download and install click Gnuplot development
1Source:Ubuntu Apps
2Source:Gnuplot